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Synthesis of 1,1-diamines

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Chelated amino acid ester enolates react with aromatic nitro compounds in a 1,3-addition mode at the nitro group giving amino acids bearing an aryl(hydroxy)amino side chain. Two equivalents of enolate are necessary for complete conversion, because one equivalent is oxidized during the reaction.
D. Stolz, U. Kazmaier, R. Pick, Synthesis, 2006, 3341-3347.