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Synthesis of Isocoumarins

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Addition of a catalytic amount of Cy2NH·HX improves the rate and yields for cyclization reactions of o-(alkynyl)benzoates in the presence of a stoichiometric amount of copper(II)halide to give 4-haloisocoumarins. Under the standard reaction conditions, various 4-haloisocoumarins are provided in good yield.
Y. Liang, Y.-X. Xie, J.-H. Li, Synthesis, 2007, 400-406.