Categories: Organic Chemistry >> Synthesis >> Microwaves

Microwaves in Organic Synthesis

Description

If the source materials and products fail to withstand the usually long reaction times at high temperatures and decompose then this invariably reduces the yield.
Yet the production of large amounts of waste means it is unacceptable from both an economic and an environmental standpoint. So-called green technologies are looking for alternative ways to allow clean and efficient chemical syntheses.
It is against this background that microwave technology has increasingly developed into a powerful alternative that can be applied to practically the whole spectrum of organic synthesis.
This volume provides those working in both research and industry with an indispensable source of information.

Editorial Review

Some years ago microwave synthesis was still considered as a dangerous tool and of low reproducibility, since many reactions were accomplished in closed containers with excess pressure. Since the first report of a microwave synthesis in the year 1986 up to now, it has been further developed, however, to a serious-taken alternative, which helps to save time and costs.

The book offers an outstanding introduction about microwaves up to chapters on individual methods, which meanwhile were used. Of interest is the discussion whether the microwave effect does exist, or if thermal effects alone (superheating) are responsible for the higher reaction rate. This question is discussed in a differentiated and excited manner: Attempts of explanation, by means of entropy and higher polarization of bonds and the fact that certain reactions show no effect at all, were given. However, the reader gains a comprehensive picture of current theses.

The later chapters are arranged according to methods and offer, from the reaction in solvents up to solvent-free reactions, a comprehensive overview of the current possibilities and the reactions accomplished in the literature. The examples cover a large range of different, chemical reactions and are completed with heterocycle chemistry, cycloaddition and homogeneous catalysis.

The book is a comprehensive reference work and provides, with chapters to the physical background up to the individual methods for students and synthesis chemists, a lot of valuable information!

Contents

Microwave photochemistry
Organic synthesis in homogeneous medium
Microwave-assisted reactions on graphite
Microwave in heterocyclic chemistry
Microwave flash-heated and transition metal-catalyzed organic chemistry
Microwave in cycloadditions
Microwave and reactions using supported reagents
Microwave-assisted organic chemistry in pressurised reactors
Microwave enhanced radiochemistry
Microwave homogeneous catalysis in organic synthesis
Microwave technology, wave-materials interactions and equipments
About non-thermal effects of microwave
Microwave and phase transfer catalysis