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Synthesis of isoquinolin-3-ones

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In rhodium-catalyzed C-H activation/annulation reactions for the synthesis of sixteen 3,4-unsubstituted isoquinolones, vinyl acetate emerges as a convenient acetylene equivalent. The complementary regiochemical preferences of enol ethers versus enol esters/enamides is discussed.
N. J. Webb, S. P. Marsden, S. A. Raw, Org. Lett., 2014, 16, 4716-4721.


A Co(III)-catalyzed redox-neutral annulation of benzamides and acrylamides with vinylene carbonate provides isoquinolinones and pyridinones in very good yields. This protocol tolerates diverse functional groups and substitution patterns.
X. Li, T. Huang, Y. Song, Y. Qi, L. Li, Y. Li, Q. Xiao, Y. Zhang, Org. Lett., 2020, 22, 5925-5930.


KOtBu-promoted SNAr reaction of 2-halobenzonitriles with ketones followed by Cu(OAc)2-catalyzed cyclization gives isoquinolone derivatives in good yields.
M. S. Mayo, X. Yu, X. Feng, Y. Yamamoto, M. Bao, J. Org. Chem., 2015, 80, 3998-4002.


The isoquinolone scaffold can be arylated using aryliodonium salts as the coupling partners at either the C4 or C8 position. The C4-selective arylation was successfully achieved via an electrophilic palladation pathway, whereas an Ir(III) catalytic system resulted in C-C bond formation exclusively at the C8 position.
S. Lee, S. Mah, S. Hong, Org. Lett., 2015, 17, 3864-3867.


The isoquinolone scaffold can be arylated using aryliodonium salts as the coupling partners at either the C4 or C8 position. The C4-selective arylation was successfully achieved via an electrophilic palladation pathway, whereas an Ir(III) catalytic system resulted in C-C bond formation exclusively at the C8 position.
S. Lee, S. Mah, S. Hong, Org. Lett., 2015, 17, 3864-3867.


A palladium-catalyzed C(sp2)-H allylation/aminopalladation/β-H elimination/isomerization sequence enables an annulation reaction of N-sulfonyl amides and allylbenzenes to construct isoquinolinones and pyridinones in good yield in the presence of air as the terminal oxidant.
R. Zhong, Y. Xu, M. Sun, Y. Wang, J. Org. Chem., 2021, 86, 5255-5264.


A Rh-catalyzed redox-neutral annulation of primary benzamides with diazo compounds provides isoquinolinones. This efficient and economic procedure exhibited good functional group tolerability, scalability, and regioselectivity, obviating the need for oxidants, and only environmentally benign N2 and H2O were released.
Y. Wu, P. Sun, K. Zhang, T. Yang, H. Yao, A. Lin, J. Org. Chem., 2016, 81, 2166-2173.


Rh(III)-catalyzed coupling of N-Boc hydrazones/N-Boc hydrazines with diazodiesters/diazoketoesters provides convenient access to synthetically and medicinally important N-amino isoquinolin-3-ones and N-amino indoles via a C-H activation-based strategy.
P. Shi, L. Wang, S. Guo, K. Chen, J. Wang, J. Zhu, Org. Lett., 2017, 19, 4359-4362.